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題庫解析 > Boldface 題型 > CR633-644題

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CR633-644題

In countries where automobile insurance includes compensation for whiplash injuries

sustained in automobile accidents, reports of having suffered such injuries are twice as frequent as they are in countries where whiplash is not covered. Some commentators have argued, correctly, that since there is presently no objective test for whiplash, spurious reports of whiplash injuries cannot be readily identified. These commentators are, however, wrong to draw the further conclusion that in the countries with the higher rates of reported whiplash injuries, half of the reported cases are spurious: clearly, in countries where automobile insurance does not include compensation for whiplash, people often have little incentive to report whiplash injuries that they actually have suffered.

In the argument given, the two boldfaced portions play which of the following roles?

A. The first is evidence that has been used to support a conclusion that the argument criticizes; the second is that conclusion.

B. The first is evidence that has been used to support a conclusion that the argument criticizes; the second is the position that the argument defends.

C. The first is a claim that has been used to support a conclusion that the argument accepts; the second is the position that the argument defends.

D. The first is an intermediate conclusion that has been used to support a conclusion that the argument defends; the second is the position that the argument opposes.

E. The first presents a claim that is disputed in the argument; the second is a conclusion that has been drawn on the basis of that claim.

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原文：在

車輛保險(xiǎn)會(huì)補(bǔ)償事故中的whiplash injuries的國家，對(duì)這種injuries的理賠申請比不補(bǔ)償?shù)膰叶鄡杀丁Ｓ行┰u(píng)論者就說，既然現(xiàn)在沒有一個(gè)客觀判定whiplash 的方法，騙保的行為就很難被識(shí)別。他們的這個(gè)想法是正確的，但接下來的進(jìn)一步分析就錯(cuò)了：他們認(rèn)為在那些whiplash injuries 頻率更高的國家，一半的whiplash injuries 都是騙保的作假案例。他們錯(cuò)在沒有認(rèn)識(shí)到這個(gè)事實(shí)：保險(xiǎn)不補(bǔ)償whiplash injuries的國家，人們就算遭受到了whiplash injuries 也沒有報(bào)告的動(dòng)機(jī)。解釋： A前者用來證明一個(gè)結(jié)論，而這個(gè)結(jié)論是作者質(zhì)疑的。后者就是這個(gè)結(jié)論。如果后者確實(shí)是這個(gè)結(jié)論，從correctly 可以看出，作者是支持這個(gè)結(jié)論的。錯(cuò)。 B前者用來證明一個(gè)結(jié)論，而這個(gè)結(jié)論是作者質(zhì)疑的。后者是這段話要支持的論點(diǎn)。題目做多了大家都會(huì)有感覺，知道真正的重點(diǎn)在However 后面，這題也確實(shí)是這樣，所以說第二個(gè)并不是這段話的要說明的中心論點(diǎn)。錯(cuò)。 C前者證明了一個(gè)作者接受的結(jié)論，后者是這段話要支持的論點(diǎn)。和B一樣，還是錯(cuò)。 D前者是一個(gè)中間結(jié)論，用來證明作者要支持的主論點(diǎn)；后者是這段話要反對(duì)的論點(diǎn)。一樣的，后一個(gè)，作者都說了correctly 了，不大可能是反對(duì)，錯(cuò)。 E前者提出了一個(gè)有爭議的話題，后者是以這個(gè)話題為基礎(chǔ)得出的一個(gè)結(jié)論。正確。